![]() ![]() In the stanza that follows, Odin describes how he had no food nor drink there, that he peered downward, and that "I took up the runes, screaming I took them, then I fell back from there." Odin later used "the knowledge of the sacred runes" as a magical tool to give to mankind to increase humans' skill in magic and poetry. In the second stanza of the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá, the völva (a shamanic seeress) reciting the poem to the god Odin says that she remembers far back to "early times", being raised by jötnar, recalls nine worlds and nine ídiðiur (rendered in a variety of ways by translators-Dronke, for example, provides "nine wood-ogresses"), and when Yggdrasil was a seed ("glorious tree of good measure, under the ground"). Völuspá " Norns" (1832) from Die Helden und Götter des Nordens, oder das Buch der Sagen In the Poetic Edda, the tree is mentioned in the three poems Völuspá, Hávamál and Grímnismál. Schröder has proposed a fourth etymology according to which yggdrasill means "yew pillar", deriving yggia from *igwja (meaning " yew-tree"), and drasill from *dher- (meaning "support"). ![]() Detter, is that the name Yggdrasill refers to the word yggr ("terror"), yet not in reference to the Odinic name, and so Yggdrasill would then mean "tree of terror, gallows". Both of these etymologies rely on a presumed but unattested *Yggsdrasill. According to this interpretation, askr Yggdrasils would mean the world tree upon which "the horse of the highest god is bound". Nevertheless, scholarly opinions regarding the precise meaning of the name Yggdrasill vary, particularly on the issue of whether Yggdrasill is the name of the tree itself or if only the full term askr Yggdrasil (where Old Norse askr means "ash tree") refers specifically to the tree. "The horse of the hanged" is a kenning for gallows and therefore Odin's gallows may have developed into the expression "Odin's horse", which then became the name of the tree. The Poetic Edda poem Hávamál describes how Odin sacrificed himself by hanging from a tree, making this tree Odin's gallows. This interpretation comes about because drasill means "horse" and Ygg(r) is one of Odin's many names. The generally accepted meaning of Old Norse Yggdrasill is "Odin's horse", meaning " gallows". The tree is an example of sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology, and scholars in the field of Germanic philology have long discussed its implications.Įtymology Yggdrasil (1895) by Lorenz Frølich Scholars generally consider Hoddmímis holt, Mímameiðr, and Læraðr to be other names for the tree. Creatures live within Yggdrasil, including the dragon Níðhöggr, an unnamed eagle, and the stags Dáinn, Dvalinn, Duneyrr and Duraþrór. The branches of Yggdrasil extend far into the heavens, and the tree is supported by three roots that extend far away into other locations one to the well Urðarbrunnr in the heavens, one to the spring Hvergelmir, and another to the well Mímisbrunnr. The gods go to Yggdrasil daily to assemble at their traditional governing assemblies. In both sources, Yggdrasil is an immense ash tree that is central to the cosmos and considered very holy. Yggdrasil is attested in the Poetic Edda compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and in the Prose Edda compiled in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. Around it exists all else, including the Nine Worlds. Yggdrasil (from Old Norse Yggdrasill) is an immense and central sacred tree in Norse cosmology. ![]() "The Ash Yggdrasil" (1886) by Friedrich Wilhelm Heine For other uses, see Yggdrasil (disambiguation). ![]()
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